Euro-amur-americ hybrids

This section presents complex (Euro-Amur-American) hybrid forms of grapes that have not passed the elite test, but have been used as donors of the necessary qualities (frost resistance and winter hardiness, marketability and yield, taste of the berries and appearance of the grapes, seedlessness) for subsequent selection according to the selection task.

The combination in the genotype of the qualities of Amur grapes (frost resistance and winter hardiness, fruitfulness and short growing season), American grapes (frost resistance, resistance to fungal diseases, tolerance to phylloxera) with the best characteristics (taste and bright color, marketability and yield) of European grape varieties - the most difficult task for a breeder.

Terms and Definitions:

Аmur - Vitis amurensis

Аmerican - Vitis labruska (+ riparia, rupestris, cinerea, berlandieri, aestivalis, lincecumii)

Modern - (Vitis vinifera + Vitis Labruska + Vitis amurensis)

I. HYBRIDS F1 (Amur-American)

Direction of selection: increasing frost resistance and winter hardiness of table grapes, resistance to pests and fungal diseases, and seedless grapes.

Direct and back crossings of the best samples (varieties and forms) of amur and american grapes with donors of frost and winter hardiness, disease resistance (with each other).

Аmur: Amur varieties and forms of grapes of 5-6 generations originating from wild amur grapes through intraspecific crossing, used as donors of high frost and winter hardiness, a short growing season and very high fruitfulness.

American: American grape varieties used in breeding as donors of high frost and winter hardiness, resistance to fungal diseases, and tolerance to phylloxera.

1.1 Hybrids F1 = (amur x american):

F1 AL P

Аmur №7 х Jupiter, Аmur №9 х Jupiter

1.2 Hybrids F1 = (аmerican х аmur):

F1 LA O

II. HYBRIDS F2 (Euro-Amur-American)

Direction of selection: increasing the frost resistance of previously obtained F1 table grape hybrids with increased frost resistance, resistance to pests and diseases, and seedless quality.

Repeated (saturating) direct and reverse crossings of the best previously obtained F1 hybrids (modern x amur, modern x american) with donors of frost resistance, winter hardiness and disease resistance (amur and american).

Modern: complex-resistant varieties and forms of grapes of euro-asian and euro-amur origin, used in the parent pair as a donor of marketability and yield, large fruit size and taste, and seedlessness.

Аmur: amur grape varieties and forms of 5-6 generations of origin from wild amur grapes through intraspecific crossing, used as donors of high frost resistance and winter hardiness.

Аmerican: american grape varieties are used in breeding as donors of high frost and winter hardiness, resistance to fungal diseases, and tolerance to phylloxera.

F1 (modern x amur): complex-resistant F1 hybrids of table grapes of euro-amur origin, obtained earlier, were used in the parent pair as donors of marketability and yield, large fruit size and taste, and increased frost resistance.

F1 (modern х american): complex-resistant F1 hybrids of table grapes of euro-american origin, obtained earlier, were used in the parent pair as donors of marketability and yield, large fruit size and taste, and increased frost resistance.

2.1Hybrids F2 = (F1 (modern x amur) x american):

F2 MA L P

GiftZap х Аmur №12 (230-12) х Jupiter (162-16), GiftZap х Marinovskiy (17-12) х Jupiter (76-17), Sever (GiftZap х Winter-hardy sultanas (70-11)) х jupiter (370-19), Sever (GiftZap х Winter-hardy sultanas (70-11)) х Jupiter (374-19).

2.2 Hybrids F2 = (american x F1 (modern x amur)):

F2 L MA O